If you’ve been the victim of fraud in Romania, you’re not alone — and more importantly, you’re not powerless. Whether it happened through an online scam, a fake investment, a real estate transaction, or business deception, Romanian law offers legal remedies to help you recover damages and hold the offenders accountable.
What is considered fraud under Romanian law?
Fraud (in Romanian, înșelăciune) is a criminal offense defined in the Romanian Criminal Code. It occurs when a person deceives someone, causing them to act in a way that leads to material loss. This includes:
- Providing false information or identity
- Using misleading documents or fake contracts
- Misrepresenting facts to obtain money, services, or goods
Fraud can happen in many forms — including online fraud, real estate scams, identity theft, or contractual deception.
Common fraud scenarios faced by foreigners in Romania
Foreign citizens and investors are sometimes targeted because of language barriers, limited legal knowledge, or lack of local contacts. Common cases include:
- Being sold property with unclear or fake ownership titles
- Investment scams involving fake companies or projects
- Advance-fee frauds (you’re asked to pay for a service that never arrives)
- Online dating or crypto-related scams
- Fake rental listings or false Airbnb-style bookings
If something feels wrong, it probably is — and Romanian law provides tools to respond.
What steps should you take if you are a victim of fraud in Romania?
- Gather all evidence
Save emails, contracts, bank receipts, screenshots, or any communication with the fraudster. These will be essential for the criminal complaint. - Contact a criminal lawyer in Romania
A local attorney will help you navigate the legal system, draft the necessary complaint, and represent your interests before the police or courts. - File a criminal complaint (plângere penală)
This can be done at the nearest police station or through your lawyer. It should clearly describe what happened, who is involved (if known), and the damage suffered. - Request to be recognized as a civil party
This allows you to claim compensation as part of the criminal proceedings, without needing to start a separate civil lawsuit. - Follow the investigation
Fraud cases can take time. Your lawyer can request updates from the police and prosecutor and ensure your rights are respected throughout the process.
Can you recover your money?
Yes, at least in theory. If the perpetrator is caught and convicted, the court can order the return of the funds or compensation for your loss. However, recovery depends on whether the fraudster has any assets that can be seized.
In more complex or organized fraud cases, there may be multiple victims, and civil claims may be needed in parallel to the criminal process.
Do you need to come to Romania?
Not necessarily. In many cases, your lawyer can represent you throughout the proceedings, especially if your presence is not mandatory. You may need to give a statement (in writing or via video call) or sign a power of attorney for legal representation.
Conclusion
Being the victim of fraud in a foreign country is a stressful and frustrating experience. But you have legal rights, and the Romanian criminal justice system does provide paths to justice and recovery. Acting quickly, gathering evidence, and hiring a knowledgeable criminal defense lawyer are key steps in protecting your interests and seeking compensation.
If you’ve been defrauded in Romania, don’t hesitate to reach out. We’re here to help.